The exact composition of cigarette remains an enigma to researchers. It is believed that the big tobacco companies take advantage of several decades of with respect to the health authorities in the knowledge of the addictive substances snuff.
It is believed that about 4,000 substances, many of them adicitivas. At the present time could not be made a full account of the original components in the plant, which added to the process, CPAR increase the potential for addiction, including ammonia) and that form and transform into the combustion process during the act of smoking.
Burning cigarette smoking for at progressively increasing their level of toxicity. The first third of the cigarette is the least harmful, the second third has a harmful intermediate and the final third Part is undoubtedly more toxic, because the very direction of the trailing smoke and deposited in front of the filter, much of the products and volatilized and processed at the time of combustion, condensed and stored, so that the closest to cigarette smoking (last third) is the most harmful, especially in the tar.
The most important components in cigarettes are the tar (10mg, carbon monoxide (CO: 10mg), nicotine (o.8mg). Others are carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide, ammonia, various nitrosamines volatile aldehydes and ketones. Tars turn contain a large number of compounds among which polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, various metals, radioactive elements, phenols and volatile nitrosamines.
From the health point of view, the toxic constituents of smoke snuff as we are more interested in us can be grouped into: Nicotine, carbon monoxide, tar and oxidants and irritants.
"Nicotine" is an alkaloid responsible for CreAcción addition to snuff. During the combustion of the cigarette, the nicotine is destroyed by 35%, other 35% goes to environmental tobacco smoke, 22% is inhaled through the mainstream and the remaining 8% is retained on the portion not consumed cigarette.
The mechanism of action of nicotine is very complex, having been subjected to numerous drug. Quer what is known so far is that due to their structural similarity to acetylcholine, acting on the same receptors. The action of nicotine on the nervous system is closely related to the processes of reinforcement, ie, the so-called "reward circuits" that influence the moods and the feelings of pleasure, as with other substances (heroin cocaine). Because of this, when a smoker stops smoking, will suffer withdrawal symptoms to nicotine, which is why this substance is considered the cause of the dependence
"Carbon Monoxide" is a highly toxic gas. Carbon monoxide being inhaled into the lungs into the blood where oxygen transport difficult. CO is a generator of both hypoxia (oxygen deficiency) which exacerbates myocardial ischemia in patients with coronary insufficiency. Also facilitates the deposition of lipids in the vascular wall, ie the formation of atheroma, which is the main cause of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular pathology.
"Tars": They are responsible for the high carcinogenic effects of snuff. They bring together large number of substances: the best studied are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAHs (up a very large group of compounds, undoubtedly the most directly involved has been the 3-4 benzopyrene), formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, nitrosamines (nitrosamines, both volatile and non volatile carcinogenic activity have recognized), radioactive elements , arsenic, additives and contaminants, and a residual group is very heterogeneous. The carcinogenic effect is evident in that 85% of cases of lung carcinoma folks are bound to snuff.
"Oxidants and Irritants" Finally, with regard to the irritant (oxidants) snuff smoke, are both in the gas phase and particles, being the most important radicals free phenols, organic acids, benzoquinone, acrolein, aldehydes, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen cyanide and ammonia. These substances are toxic to the body and are especially harmful to the respiratory system.
snuff consumption has become key risk factor for development of COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) with a clearly established causal relationship and snuff cessation improves the prognosis of the disease, whose symptoms are cough, increased sputum production, dyspnea (shortness of breath) and progressive deterioration of lung capacity. To stop Smoking decreases rapidly cough and sputum production likewise slows the decline in lung function. The snuff cessation benefits are achieved even in old age and advanced phases of the disease.
It is believed that about 4,000 substances, many of them adicitivas. At the present time could not be made a full account of the original components in the plant, which added to the process, CPAR increase the potential for addiction, including ammonia) and that form and transform into the combustion process during the act of smoking.
Burning cigarette smoking for at progressively increasing their level of toxicity. The first third of the cigarette is the least harmful, the second third has a harmful intermediate and the final third Part is undoubtedly more toxic, because the very direction of the trailing smoke and deposited in front of the filter, much of the products and volatilized and processed at the time of combustion, condensed and stored, so that the closest to cigarette smoking (last third) is the most harmful, especially in the tar.
The most important components in cigarettes are the tar (10mg, carbon monoxide (CO: 10mg), nicotine (o.8mg). Others are carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide, ammonia, various nitrosamines volatile aldehydes and ketones. Tars turn contain a large number of compounds among which polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, various metals, radioactive elements, phenols and volatile nitrosamines.
From the health point of view, the toxic constituents of smoke snuff as we are more interested in us can be grouped into: Nicotine, carbon monoxide, tar and oxidants and irritants.
"Nicotine" is an alkaloid responsible for CreAcción addition to snuff. During the combustion of the cigarette, the nicotine is destroyed by 35%, other 35% goes to environmental tobacco smoke, 22% is inhaled through the mainstream and the remaining 8% is retained on the portion not consumed cigarette.
The mechanism of action of nicotine is very complex, having been subjected to numerous drug. Quer what is known so far is that due to their structural similarity to acetylcholine, acting on the same receptors. The action of nicotine on the nervous system is closely related to the processes of reinforcement, ie, the so-called "reward circuits" that influence the moods and the feelings of pleasure, as with other substances (heroin cocaine). Because of this, when a smoker stops smoking, will suffer withdrawal symptoms to nicotine, which is why this substance is considered the cause of the dependence
"Carbon Monoxide" is a highly toxic gas. Carbon monoxide being inhaled into the lungs into the blood where oxygen transport difficult. CO is a generator of both hypoxia (oxygen deficiency) which exacerbates myocardial ischemia in patients with coronary insufficiency. Also facilitates the deposition of lipids in the vascular wall, ie the formation of atheroma, which is the main cause of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular pathology.
"Tars": They are responsible for the high carcinogenic effects of snuff. They bring together large number of substances: the best studied are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAHs (up a very large group of compounds, undoubtedly the most directly involved has been the 3-4 benzopyrene), formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, nitrosamines (nitrosamines, both volatile and non volatile carcinogenic activity have recognized), radioactive elements , arsenic, additives and contaminants, and a residual group is very heterogeneous. The carcinogenic effect is evident in that 85% of cases of lung carcinoma folks are bound to snuff.
"Oxidants and Irritants" Finally, with regard to the irritant (oxidants) snuff smoke, are both in the gas phase and particles, being the most important radicals free phenols, organic acids, benzoquinone, acrolein, aldehydes, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen cyanide and ammonia. These substances are toxic to the body and are especially harmful to the respiratory system.
snuff consumption has become key risk factor for development of COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) with a clearly established causal relationship and snuff cessation improves the prognosis of the disease, whose symptoms are cough, increased sputum production, dyspnea (shortness of breath) and progressive deterioration of lung capacity. To stop Smoking decreases rapidly cough and sputum production likewise slows the decline in lung function. The snuff cessation benefits are achieved even in old age and advanced phases of the disease.
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